{"product_id":"agrivoltaics-copy-5","title":"Indian Economy Since Independence","description":"\u003ch2 class=\"d_normalheder\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003ePraise for this book\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e“Uma Kapila’s 25th edition of this well-known volume contains an excellent and up-to-date collection of essays on the Indian Economy by some of the country’s leading economists, interspersed with very useful contributions by the editor herself. It will be a great boon for all students of the Indian economy…young and old.”\u003cbr\u003e   \u003cstrong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e— Shankar Acharya\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e        Chief Economic Adviser to the\u003cbr\u003e        Government of India (1993-2001)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch1 class=\"d_normalheder\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h1\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"d_normalheder\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAbout the Author(s) \/ Editor(s)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDr. Uma Kapila,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eauthor\/editor of several books on Indian economy, retired as Reader, Department of Economics, Miranda House, University of Delhi. She has taught Indian economy to undergraduate students for more than 42 years. Currently, she is Senior Editor, Academic Foundation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"d_normalheder\"\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"d_normalheder\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eContributors\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"more\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArnab Acharya,\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eSr. Lecturer, London School of Hygiene\u003cbr\u003eand Tropical Medicine, London, UK.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSanghmitra Acharya,\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eDirector, Indian Institute of Dalit Studies, New Delhi.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePulapre Balakrishnan,\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eProfessor of Economics, Ashoka University, Haryana.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRama Baru,\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eProfessor, Centre of Social Medicine and Community Health,\u003cbr\u003eJawaharlal University, New Delhi \u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAditya Bhattacharjea,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eProfessor and Head, Department of Economics,\u003cbr\u003eDelhi School of Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAchin Chakraborty,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eProfessor and Director, \u003cbr\u003eInstitute of Development Studies, Kolkata.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eS. Mahendra Dev,\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eDirector (Vice Chancellor), Indira Gandhi Institute of\u003cbr\u003eDevelopment Research, Mumbai.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBiswajit Dhar,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eProfessor, Centre of Economic Studies and Planning,\u003cbr\u003eSchool of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTim Dyson,\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eProfessor, Population Studies, DESTIN,\u003cbr\u003eLondon School of Economics, London.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAshok Gulati,\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eChair Professor-Agriculture, Indian Council for Research\u003cbr\u003ein International Economic Relations (ICRIER); formerly Chairman,\u003cbr\u003eCommission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP), New Delhi.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUma Kapila,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eReader (Retd.), Department of Economics, Miranda House,\u003cbr\u003eUniversity of Delhi. Presently, Senior Editor, Academic Foundation, New Delhi.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVijay Kelkar,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eChairman, India Development Foundation, New Delhi.\u003cbr\u003eChairman, 13th Finance Commission, Government of India. \u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eK.L. Krishna,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eChairman, Madras Institute of Development Studies, Chennai; Member,\u003cbr\u003eCentre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics, Delhi.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNagesh Kumar,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eHead, UN ESCAP South and \u003cbr\u003eSouth-West Asia Office, New Delhi.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eA.K. Shiva Kumar, \u003c\/strong\u003eCo-Chair, Know Violence in Childhood Global Learning Initiatives;\u003cbr\u003eearlier Director, International Centre for Human Development, New Delhi. \u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDipak Mazumdar,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eMunk Center for International Studies, University of Toronto;\u003cbr\u003eVisiting Professor, Institute for Human Development, New Delhi.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrachi Mishra,\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eChief General Manager, Reserve Bank of India, Mumbai;\u003cbr\u003eearlier Senior Economist, IMF.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRakesh Mohan, \u003c\/strong\u003eExecutive Director, International Monetary Fund (IMF)\u003cbr\u003eWashington, DC representing India, Sri Lanka and Bhutan.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eK. Nagaraj, \u003c\/strong\u003eProfessor, Madras Institute of Development\u003cbr\u003eStudies, Chennai, Tamil Nadu\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eR. Nagaraj,\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eProfessor, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArvind Panagariya,\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eDy. Chairman, NITI Aayog, Govt. of India, New Delhi.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eManoj Panda,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eDirector, Institute of Economic Growth, University of Delhi, Delhi.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eT.S. Papola,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eICSSR National Fellow, Institute for Studies in Industrial Development (ISID), New Delhi. \u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eC. Rangarajan,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eChairman, Madras School of Economics, Chennai; formerly Chairman,\u003cbr\u003ePrime Minister’s Economic Advisory Council; Chairman, Twelfth Finance Commission.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eN. Chandrasekhara Rao, \u003c\/strong\u003eProfessor, Institute of Economic Growth, University of Delhi, Delhi.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTirthankar Roy,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eProfessor, London School of Economics and Political Science, the U.K.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eShweta Saini,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eConsultant, Indian Council for Research in International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi.\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSandip Sarkar,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eProfessor, Institute for Human Development, New Delhi.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlakh N. Sharma,\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eDirector, Institute for Human Development (IHD), New Delhi.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eManmohan Singh,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eEconomist, Former Prime Minister of India, New Delhi.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eM.H. Bala Subrahmanya,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003eProfessor \u0026amp; Chairman, Department of Management Studies,\u003cbr\u003eIndian Institute of Science, \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"morecontent\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"glossymenu\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"glossymenu\"\u003eContents in Detail\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"glossymenu\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"submenu\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePreface\u003cbr\u003e Acknowledgements\u003cbr\u003eContributors\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePART I\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePLANNING, INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK,\u003cbr\u003eCONSTRAINTS AND  ROLE OF THE STATE\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1.    Indian Economy at Independence\u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eUma Kapila\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    The Colonial Regime\u003cbr\u003e            •    The India of 1947\u003cbr\u003e            •    The Agrarian Scene\u003cbr\u003e            •    The State of Indian Industry and its Structure\u003cbr\u003e            •    The Planning Era\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e2.    \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThe Economic Legacies of Colonial \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRule in India: Another Look\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003e        \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTirthankar Roy\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e           \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e •     Linking Empire with Development: The Old Theory    \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            •     Linking Empires with Development: The New Trends    \u003cbr\u003e            •     What Kind of a State was the Raj?\u003cbr\u003e            •     Benefits and Costs of Colonialism\u003cbr\u003e            •     Policy and Ideology after 1947    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Conclusions: Economic Legacies of Colonialism\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e3.    Planning, Market and the State (Ed. Notes)    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Structural Constraints and the Development Strategy\u003cbr\u003e            •     Role of the State as Visualised in the Fifties\u003cbr\u003e            •     Evolution of Strategy and Priorities\u003cbr\u003e            •     Changing Perceptions\u003cbr\u003e            •     Role of Planning in a Market Economy\u003cbr\u003e            •     Redefining the Role of State  \u003cbr\u003e            •     The Government, the State and the Market   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Relevance of Planning Commission  \u003cbr\u003e            •     NITI Aayog: Role and Functions   \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e4.    Twelfth Five Year Plan: Faster, More Inclusive\u003cbr\u003e       and Sustainable Growth\u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eManmohan Singh\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e5.    Economic Reforms: Looking Back and Ahead\u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eC. Rangarajan\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Break with the Past \u003cbr\u003e            •    The Genesis of Reforms    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Questions on the Reform Process   \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e6.    Fiscal and Budgetary Developments:\u003cbr\u003e      Prospects and Reforms (Ed. Notes)\u003cbr\u003e            •     Introduction\u003cbr\u003e            •     Recent Fiscal Performance\u003cbr\u003e            •     Medium-Term Fiscal Framework\u003cbr\u003e            •     Conclusions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e7.    Demographic Constraint: Population\u003cbr\u003e       Change and Economic Development (Ed. Notes)\u003cbr\u003e            •     Introduction   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Economic Development and Population Growth    \u003cbr\u003e            •     The Microeconomic Theory of Fertility    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Population Trends   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Gender Equity and the Demographic Transition   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Population Policy since 1947   \u003cbr\u003e            •     National Population Policy, 2000   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Human Resource Development   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Public Expenditure and Education Policy   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Health Care as a Social Responsibility   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Human Development: International Comparison   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Disparities and Divides   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Tamil Nadu: The Success Story   \u003cbr\u003e            •     The Future \u003cbr\u003e            •     Demographic Dividend and Related Policy Interventions\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8.    India’s Demographic Transition and its\u003cbr\u003e        Consequences for Development\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e        Tim Dyson\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    India’s Demographic Transition    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Urbanisation    \u003cbr\u003e            •    The Future    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Discussion    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePART II\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGROWTH AND STRUCTURAL CHANGE SINCE 1950\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9.    Growth and Structural Change Since 1950 (Ed. Notes)       \u003cbr\u003e            •     The Performance   \u003cbr\u003e            •     India’s Growth Turnaround   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Recent Growth Record   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Aggregate Demand   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Priorities for Reviving Growth   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Reform Agenda   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Performance on Inclusiveness   \u003cbr\u003e            •     The Need for Faster Growth   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Growth and Structural Change   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Sectoral Growth Trends\u003cbr\u003e            •     Growth and Sectoral Shares, Cross-Country\u003cbr\u003e                   Evidence and Indian Experience \u003cbr\u003e            •     Inter-Regional Disparities in Growth and Development   \u003cbr\u003e            •     The Way Ahead   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Growth Prospect: An Assessment   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Sustainable Development and Climate Change   \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10.  The Recovery of India: Economic Growth in the Nehru Era\u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003ePulapre Balakrishnan\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •     Introduction   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Nehru-Mahalanobis Strategy   \u003cbr\u003e            •     A Record of Growth in the Nehru Era   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Caricature of a Vision: Through a Glass, Darkly   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Conclusions   \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e11.  Macroeconomic Overview: The Growth Story       \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eManoj Panda\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Introduction   \u003cbr\u003e            •    National Income Growth   \u003cbr\u003e            •    Other Macroeconomic Developments   \u003cbr\u003e            •    Growth Prospect: An Assessment    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e12.  Growth Record of the Indian Economy, 1950-2008:\u003cbr\u003e       A Story of Sustained Savings and Investment \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eRakesh Mohan\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    A Review of the Indian Growth Process     \u003cbr\u003e            •    Prospects for the Next Five Years     \u003cbr\u003e            •    Issues and Challenges     \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e13.  Growth and Investment: The Interlinks  \u003cbr\u003e      \u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e C. Rangarajan\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Behaviour of Saving    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Behaviour of Investment    \u003cbr\u003e            •    The Way Forward    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e14.  India on the Growth Turnpike: No State Left Behind        \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eArvind Panagariya\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Growth: No State Left Behind    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Poverty: Progress Everywhere    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Smaller and Newer States and Union Territories    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Conclusions    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePART III\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDISTRIBUTIONAL ISSUES: POVERTY, INEQUALITY,\u003cbr\u003eMALNUTRITION AND UNEMPLOYMENT\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e15.    Assessment of the Growth Experience:\u003cbr\u003e         Poverty, Inequality and Unemployment (Ed. Notes)     \u003cbr\u003e            •     Poverty and Unemployment    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Poverty Estimates   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Poverty and Inclusive Growth   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Inequality   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Inequality After Economic Reforms   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Employment   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Employment, Unemployment and Labour Force Dynamics   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Underemployment: A Continuing Characteristic of Employment   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Characteristics and Structure of the Indian Labour Market   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Trends and Patterns of Employment Growth  \u003cbr\u003e            •     Summing Up: Key Features of the Employment Situation   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Labour Market Reforms would Help Boost\u003cbr\u003e                  Employment Creation   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Public Employment Programme for the\u003cbr\u003e                  Unorganised Workers: The Case of NREGA   \u003cbr\u003e            •     The Performance   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Success Stories   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Policy Agenda   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Employment Perspective   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Skill Development: The Challenge   \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e16.    Counting the Poor: Measurement and Other Issues \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e        C. Rangarajan and S. Mahendra Dev\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •     Clarifications on Issues    \u003cbr\u003e            •     What is New?    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Use of Calories    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Multidimensional Poverty    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Higher Urban Poverty    \u003cbr\u003e            •     NAS-NSS Consumption Differences    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Poverty Measures in Other Countries    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Public Expenditure and Poverty    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Poverty Ratio for Eligibility under Programmes    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e17.    Inequities in Access to Health Services\u003cbr\u003e         in India: Caste, Class and Region        \u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e        Rama Baru, Arnab Acharya, Sanghmitra Acharya,\u003cbr\u003e        A.K. Shiva Kumar and K. Nagaraj\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •     Determinants of Health Inequities    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Features of Health Service Provisioning    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Inequities in Access to Health Services    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Factors Affecting Equity in Access to\u003cbr\u003e                  Health Services    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Equity Enhancing Initiatives    \u003cbr\u003e            •     The Way Forward    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e18.    Labour and Employment in Fast Growing India:\u003cbr\u003e         Issues of Employment and Inclusiveness      \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eT.S. Papola and Alakh N. Sharma\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Introduction    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Some Characteristics of the\u003cbr\u003e                  Indian Labour Market    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Trend and Pattern of Employment Growth   \u003cbr\u003e            •    Impact of Global Financial 2008 Crisis on\u003cbr\u003e                 Indian Labour Market and Employment   \u003cbr\u003e            •    Quality of Employment and Disparities    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Increasing Labour Flexibility and Erosion of\u003cbr\u003e                  Labour Rights    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Conclusion and Policy Agenda   \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e19.  Reforming Labour Markets in States:\u003cbr\u003e        Revisiting the Futility Thesis      \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eAchin Chakraborty\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    How Rigid is the Labour Market?    \u003cbr\u003e            •    The Logic of Flexibility    \u003cbr\u003e            •    What Flexibility Cannot Achieve    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Concluding Remarks    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePART IV\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAGRICULTURE\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e20.  Indian Agriculture: Developments, Issues,\u003cbr\u003e        Policies and Agenda for Reforms (Ed. Notes)\u003cbr\u003e            •     Introduction \u003cbr\u003e            •     Linkages between Agriculture and Other Sectors   \u003cbr\u003e            •     The Institutional Context   \u003cbr\u003e            •     The New Technology   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Three Phases of Green Revolution    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Reform Period, 1991 to the Present    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Deceleration in Agriculture Growth    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Long-term Performance, and what could be\u003cbr\u003e                  Holding Back Indian Agriculture    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Major Factors Affecting the Growth Potential    \u003cbr\u003e            •     National Policy for Farmers, 2007    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Cereals Production and Build up of Stocks    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Secondary Agriculture: A Driver for Growth of\u003cbr\u003e                    Primary Agriculture    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Reforming the Three ‘I’s: Investments,\u003cbr\u003e                  Incentives, and Institutions    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Food Management    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Public Distribution System (PDS)     \u003cbr\u003e            •     Food Subsidy    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Food Security    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Agricultural Price Policy    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Challenges and Outlook    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e21.   Agricultural Development in India: \u003cbr\u003e        Performance, Issues and Policies\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e        S. Mahendra Dev\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Performance of Agriculture    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Policies Since Independence    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Issues and Policies for Higher Growth,\u003cbr\u003e                 Equity and Sustainability    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Conclusion   \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e22.  The Context and Conundrums of Contemporary Agriculture\u003cbr\u003e        World Bank Group\u003cbr\u003e            •     India’s Food Security Puzzle   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Persistent Food Price Rise   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Trade Policy and Cereal Prices   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Food Grain Management and Food Prices    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Rising Real Rural Wages    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Persistent Questions about the\u003cbr\u003e                  Sustainability of Growth    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e23.  Agricultural Price Policy, Farm Profitability\u003cbr\u003e        and Food Security  \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eS. Mahendra Dev and N. Chandrasekhara Rao\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Trends in Costs and Yields    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Trends in MSPs and Prices Realised by Farmers     \u003cbr\u003e            •    Relationship between Costs, Prices\u003cbr\u003e                 Realised and MSP    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Returns to Farming    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Increased Role of Price Policy     \u003cbr\u003e            •    Concluding Observations    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e24.  The National Food Security Act:\u003cbr\u003e        Challenges and Options \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eAshok Gulati and Shweta Saini\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    The National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013  \u003cbr\u003e            •    Targeted Public Distribution System (TPDS)\u003cbr\u003e                  Provisions of the NFSA, 2013    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Other Welfare Schemes under NFSA 2013    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Conditional Cash-Transfer Scheme     \u003cbr\u003e            •    NFSA’s Operational Challenges    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Way Forward    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e25.    Food Inflation in India: Diagnosis and Remedies       \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eAshok Gulati and Shweta Saini\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Backdrop    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Nature and Structure of Food Inflation    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Drivers of Food Inflation: The Diagnosis    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Remedies: Policy Options    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePART V\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eINDUSTRY, SERVICES AND INFRASTRUCTURE\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e26.  Industrial Development and Policies since\u003cbr\u003e        Independence (Ed. Notes)        \u003cbr\u003e            •     Extent and Pattern of Industrialisation\u003cbr\u003e                   during the British Rule     \u003cbr\u003e            •     The Industrial Scene at Independence    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Industrial Control Regime    \u003cbr\u003e            •     The Policy Regime in the 1990s    \u003cbr\u003e            •     New Economic Policy    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Opening up to Foreign Investment    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Public Sector Reforms,\u003cbr\u003e                   Privatisation and Infrastructure \u003cbr\u003e            •     Industrial Policy Objectives for the\u003cbr\u003e                  Twelfth Plan and Beyond \u003cbr\u003e            •     Trends and Pattern of Industrial Growth  \u003cbr\u003e            •     Policy Regimes and Pattern of Growth   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Recent Industrial Growth, 2008-09 to 2013-14    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Industrial-Sector Performance Based on Revised \u003cbr\u003e                  GDP Estimates 2012-13 to 2015-16    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Why has Growth Moderated?    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Challenges Arising from Government Policies    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs)    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Status and Key Challenges    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Public Sector    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Privatisation     \u003cbr\u003e            •     Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Outlook    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e27.  Industrial Performance, 1991-2008: A Review     \u003cbr\u003e      \u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e R. Nagaraj\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Introduction    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Industrial Performance After 1991-92    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Why Did the Reforms Fail to Deliver the\u003cbr\u003e                 Expected Results?    \u003cbr\u003e            •    What should be Done Now?    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Conclusions    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e28.   Industrial Development and Policies Since\u003cbr\u003e        Independence: Growth without Employment        \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eK.L. Krishna\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Introduction    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Policy Regimes and Pattern of Growth     \u003cbr\u003e            •    Structural Transformation of the Economy    \u003cbr\u003e            •    India’s Unique Pattern of Development    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Employment Generation in Manufacturing    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Recent Trends in Manufacturing Employment    \u003cbr\u003e            •    National Manufacturing Plan and its Progress     \u003cbr\u003e            •    Kumar’s Policy Suggestions    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Concluding Remarks     \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e29.   Public Sector Performance Since 1950:\u003cbr\u003e        A Fresh Look        \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eR. Nagaraj\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Public Sector Performance    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Reasons and Implications    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Conclusions    \u003cbr\u003e            •    An Update    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e30.  On Strategies for Disinvestment and Privatisation\u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eVijay Kelkar\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Public versus Private Ownership     \u003cbr\u003e            •    Privatisation    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e31.  Of Omissions and Commissions:\u003cbr\u003e       India’s Competition Laws        \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eAditya Bhattacharjea\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Introduction    \u003cbr\u003e            •    The MRTP Act, 1969-2009     \u003cbr\u003e            •    The Competition Act, 2002     \u003cbr\u003e            •    Post Script (2016)     \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e32.  Small-scale Industrialisation under Globalisation:\u003cbr\u003e        Is the Tide Turning Around?     \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eM.H. Bala Subrahmanya\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Introduction    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Globalisation and Domestic Economic Reforms:\u003cbr\u003e                 Implications and Impact on the SSI    \u003cbr\u003e            •    SSI Performance in the Globalisation Era    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Inferences and Conclusions (in the Context\u003cbr\u003e                 of Recent Policy Initiatives)    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e33.  The Employment Problem in India\u003cbr\u003e        and the Phenomenon of the Missing Middle      \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cstrong\u003eDipak Mazumdar and Sandip Sarkar\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e            •    Trends in the Industrial Structure of Employment    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Employment Growth in the Tertiary Sector\u003cbr\u003e                 in India in a Comparative Context    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Dualism in Indian Manufacturing   \u003cbr\u003e            •    Why is Dualism a Problem for\u003cbr\u003e                 Manufacturing Growth?    \u003cbr\u003e            •    Causes of the Emergence and\u003cbr\u003e                Persistence of Dualism\u003cbr\u003e            •    Conclusion \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e34.   Services in India’s Growth Process (Ed. Notes)\u003cbr\u003e            •     Introduction    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Growth and Sectoral Shares, Cross-Country\u003cbr\u003e                  Evidence and Indian Experience     \u003cbr\u003e            •     World Services Employment    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Factors Underlying the Services Growth    \u003cbr\u003e            •     India’s Services Employment    \u003cbr\u003e            •     India’s Services Trade    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Foreign Direct Investment in India’s Service Sector    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Liberalisation of Services in India    \u003cbr\u003e            •     India and Trade Negotiations in Services    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Conclusion    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e35.    Infrastructure and Economic Development (Ed. Notes)     \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e            •     Introduction    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Strategies for Infrastructure Development    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Differences in Infrastructure Building\u003cbr\u003e                   Between India and China    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Prioritisation of Infrastructure Sectors for\u003cbr\u003e                   Development: Twelfth Five Year Plan 2012-2017    \u003cbr\u003e            •     The Way Forward    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Foreign Direct Investment into\u003cbr\u003e                  Major Infrastructure    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Infrastructure Development in India:\u003cbr\u003e                  A Macro Perspective    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Challenges and Outlook    \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePART VI\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTHE EXTERNAL SECTOR\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e36.  India’s External Sector:  Policies, Developments\u003cbr\u003e       and Issues (Ed. Notes)   \u003cbr\u003e            •     Trade Policy    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Structural Changes in India’s Foreign Trade\u003cbr\u003e                  during 1980s and 1990s    \u003cbr\u003e            •     India’s Merchandise Trade 2001 to 2015-16    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Composition of Trade    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Direction of Trade    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Trade Deficit    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Trade Policy    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Balance of Payments    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Managing Capital Flows    \u003cbr\u003e            •     External Debt    \u003cbr\u003e            •     International Comparison    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Foreign Exchange Reserves:\u003cbr\u003e                  Approach, Developments and Issues    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Foreign Exchange Rate Policy    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Exchange Rate    \u003cbr\u003e            •     Concluding Remarks   \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e37. India’s New Foreign Trade Policy: Pluses and Minuses\u003cbr\u003e       \u003cstrong\u003eBiswajit Dhar\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e         •  Whole-of-Government Approach \u003cbr\u003e         •  Three Issues Highlighted \u003cbr\u003e         •  SEZ Failure \u003cbr\u003e         •  Regional Trade Agreements \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e38. India’s External Sector: Do We Need to Worry? \u003cbr\u003e       \u003cstrong\u003eC. Rangarajan and Prachi Mishra\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ch2 class=\"d_normalheder\"\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"submenu\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 100%; height: 78.3752px;\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.5938px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 51.6006%; height: 19.5938px;\"\u003ePublisher\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 47.9553%; height: 19.5938px;\"\u003eAF Press\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.5938px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 51.6006%; height: 19.5938px;\"\u003ePublication Date\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 47.9553%; height: 19.5938px;\"\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cspan\u003e2016\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.5938px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 51.6006%; height: 19.5938px;\"\u003eNumber of Pages\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 47.9553%; height: 19.5938px;\"\u003e1014\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 19.5938px;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 51.6006%; height: 19.5938px;\"\u003eISBN\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 47.9553%; height: 19.5938px;\"\u003e\n\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e \u003cspan\u003e9789332703759\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"Uma Kapila (Ed.)","offers":[{"title":"Paperback \/ ENG- English \/ agriculture","offer_id":51346179129665,"sku":null,"price":1095.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":true},{"title":"Paperback \/ ENG- English \/ Economics","offer_id":51346185814337,"sku":null,"price":1095.0,"currency_code":"INR","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0938\/9067\/5009\/files\/Indianeconomy27_front.png?v=1769841940","url":"https:\/\/www.academicfoundation.com\/products\/agrivoltaics-copy-5","provider":"Academic Foundation | AF Press","version":"1.0","type":"link"}