State, Natural Resource Conflicts and Challenges to Governance
Where do we go from here?
N.C. Narayanan
Where do we go from here?
About the Book
Governance in current debates demands pluralism of actors in the societal spheres of state, civil society and business. There is an inherent assumption of harmony among these spheres, which appears to optimise complimentary outcomes in ‘good governance’. In the real world, however, conflict is the norm rather than the exception.
Conflicts over the access and control of natural resources have amplified over time with large-scale resource transformation, especially through technological innovation. Today, the key challenge before natural resource governance is the need to balance economic growth with the demands and aspirations of the differentiated social structure, the future generations and the environment. Studies in this volume examine the competing, and diverging, interests that generate certain forms of natural resource conflicts. The studies bring into focus the changing role of the State and the social and environmental impact of State interventions in triggering conflict and mobilising resistance
About the Author(s) / Editor(s)
N.C. Narayanan is a Senior Fellow at the South Asia Consortium for Interdisciplinary Water Resources Studies, Hyderabad, India. He has taught at the Institute of Rural Management, Anand and done research at the Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum and the Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, The Netherlands. He is the author of Against the Grain: Political Ecology of Land Use in Kerala Region, India and co-author of TINA and the Milk: Southern Perspectives on Sustainability in the Netherlands (English and Dutch editions). He is currently working on two edited volumes on Water Conflicts and Water Governance in South Asia
Contributors
Charul Bharwada is an Architect Planner. After an experience of few years in the corporate sector, she is currently trying to understand the issues related to marginalised communities, water and organic farming at SANDARBH Studies, Ahmedabad.
A. Damodaran, Professor and MHRD Chair Professor on IPRs, IIM Bangalore.
Smriti Das, Fellow, Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Environment and Development (CISED), Bangalore.
John Kurien, Professor, Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum. He is currently Fisheries Co-Management Advisor to the FAO/UN and based in Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
Vinay Mahajan is an Agricultural Engineer and a Post Graduate in Management from the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad. After an experience of few years in the corporate sector, he is currently trying to understand the issues related to marginalised communities, water and organic farming at SANDARBH Studies, Ahmedabad.
T. Madhava Menon (IAS retired), Former Commissioner and Secretary to Government of Kerala and Vice Chancellor, Kerala Agricultural University.
Nirmal Sengupta, Professor, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR), Mumbai.
Rakesh Tiwary, Researcher, IWMI-Tata Programme, International Water Management Institute, Hyderabad.
Contents in Detail
List of Tables, Figures
Editor/Contributors
Preface
1. State, Governance and Natural Resource Conflicts
— N.C. Narayanan
Introduction
State and Society: A Dialectical Relationship
State as Development Provider
Political Economy/Ecology of Natural Resource Use
Governance and Problems of ‘Governability’
Contributions in the Volume
2. Governance of Natural Resources in India: Property Rights,
Legal Pluralism and Other Issues
— Nirmal Sengupta
Colonial State and Property Rights
Provider and Regulator State
Private Initiative
Customary Rights
Rights of Panchayats
User Groups
Conclusion
3. State, Modernisation and Conflict in Fisheries: Revisting the
Fishworkers’ Movement in Kerala
— John Kurien
Introduction
Background
The Development Decades
Crisis and Questions
Post Script: Dilemmas of Collective Action and Governance
4. Water Control Structures and Conflicts in Lake Vembanad:
Governance as Mobilisation
— N.C. Narayanan
Introduction
Political Economy of Rice-centric Development
Post-Independence State-led Development Interventions
Unintended Consequences
Rice-centric Development, Marginalisation, and Conflicts
Competing Claims on Lake Vembanad
Pro-salinity Barrier—The Rice Interest
Points of Rupture in the Conflict
Cultural Political Mobilisation of Fishermen
Process of Negotiation
Discussion
Implications for Governance
5. States Conflicting Over Transboundary Waters:
Analysing the Indo-Bangladesh Case
— Rakesh Tiwary
Challenges of Utilisation and Governance: Mainly Political
The Drivers of Transboundary Water Conflict
Transboundary Water Conflicts: Capturing the Dynamism
The Dynamics of Conflict Shared Waters of India
and Bangladesh: The Riparian Structure
Post Colonial: Political Geography
The Ganges Water Dispute
Phases of Dispute
India’s River Interlinking Programme: Another Cycle?
Conclusion
6. Tribal Development and Governance
— T. Madhava Menon
Introduction
Pre-history
The Nehruvian Panchsheel
Violations of the Five Principles
Local Innovations and their Management
Concluding Observations
7. Preserving Micro-identities in a World of Directed Change:
The Experience of Wayanad District
— A. Damodaran
Introduction
Background
The Tribal Development Approach of the Dhebar Commission
How and Why the Dhebar Commission Complements India’s Forest
and Wildlife Legislations
The Roots of the Crisis in Wayanad Diagnosis
The Dynamic of the Adivasi Gothra Sabha Movement
Preserving Micro-identities in an Environment of Directed Change
Conclusion
8. Where Should We Go from Here? Changing Approaches of the State,
Grazing Resources and the Pastoralists of Saurashtra, Gujarat
— Charul Bharwada and Vinay Mahajan
Introduction
Pastoralism in Saurashtra
Colonial Policies: Framework Governing the Approach
of Princely States
Princely States: Grazing Sources and its Access
Post-Independence State: Changing Priorities
and Shrinking Pastures
Modern Agriculture: From Mutual Dependence to Perpetual Conflicts
Summing Up: The State and the Pastoralists
9. Alloyed Projects, Metalled Resistance:
A Case of Bauxite Mining in Orissa
— Smriti Das and N.C. Narayanan
Introduction
Policy Reforms and Poverty Paradox
Externalities of Development: Mineral
Exploitation in Kashipur
The Conflict in Kashipur
People’s Movement in Kashipur
Stakeholders Within the Network of Governance
Conflicts and Crisis in Governance
Index
| Publisher | AF Press |
| Publication Date | 2008 |
| Number of Pages | 256 |
| ISBN |
9788171886180 |
Academic Foundation (AF), based in New Delhi, is India’s leading independent publisher of academic/scholarly books in Social Sciences, specialising in Economics—Development Economics and Indian Economy in particular, and allied subjects.
About the Book
Governance in current debates demands pluralism of actors in the societal spheres of state, civil society and business. There is an inherent assumption of harmony among these spheres, which appears to optimise complimentary outcomes in ‘good governance’. In the real world, however, conflict is the norm rather than the exception.
Conflicts over the access and control of natural resources have amplified over time with large-scale resource transformation, especially through technological innovation. Today, the key challenge before natural resource governance is the need to balance economic growth with the demands and aspirations of the differentiated social structure, the future generations and the environment. Studies in this volume examine the competing, and diverging, interests that generate certain forms of natural resource conflicts. The studies bring into focus the changing role of the State and the social and environmental impact of State interventions in triggering conflict and mobilising resistance
About the Author(s) / Editor(s)
N.C. Narayanan is a Senior Fellow at the South Asia Consortium for Interdisciplinary Water Resources Studies, Hyderabad, India. He has taught at the Institute of Rural Management, Anand and done research at the Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum and the Institute of Social Studies, The Hague, The Netherlands. He is the author of Against the Grain: Political Ecology of Land Use in Kerala Region, India and co-author of TINA and the Milk: Southern Perspectives on Sustainability in the Netherlands (English and Dutch editions). He is currently working on two edited volumes on Water Conflicts and Water Governance in South Asia
Contributors
Charul Bharwada is an Architect Planner. After an experience of few years in the corporate sector, she is currently trying to understand the issues related to marginalised communities, water and organic farming at SANDARBH Studies, Ahmedabad.
A. Damodaran, Professor and MHRD Chair Professor on IPRs, IIM Bangalore.
Smriti Das, Fellow, Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Environment and Development (CISED), Bangalore.
John Kurien, Professor, Centre for Development Studies, Trivandrum. He is currently Fisheries Co-Management Advisor to the FAO/UN and based in Banda Aceh, Indonesia.
Vinay Mahajan is an Agricultural Engineer and a Post Graduate in Management from the Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad. After an experience of few years in the corporate sector, he is currently trying to understand the issues related to marginalised communities, water and organic farming at SANDARBH Studies, Ahmedabad.
T. Madhava Menon (IAS retired), Former Commissioner and Secretary to Government of Kerala and Vice Chancellor, Kerala Agricultural University.
Nirmal Sengupta, Professor, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR), Mumbai.
Rakesh Tiwary, Researcher, IWMI-Tata Programme, International Water Management Institute, Hyderabad.
Contents in Detail
List of Tables, Figures
Editor/Contributors
Preface
1. State, Governance and Natural Resource Conflicts
— N.C. Narayanan
Introduction
State and Society: A Dialectical Relationship
State as Development Provider
Political Economy/Ecology of Natural Resource Use
Governance and Problems of ‘Governability’
Contributions in the Volume
2. Governance of Natural Resources in India: Property Rights,
Legal Pluralism and Other Issues
— Nirmal Sengupta
Colonial State and Property Rights
Provider and Regulator State
Private Initiative
Customary Rights
Rights of Panchayats
User Groups
Conclusion
3. State, Modernisation and Conflict in Fisheries: Revisting the
Fishworkers’ Movement in Kerala
— John Kurien
Introduction
Background
The Development Decades
Crisis and Questions
Post Script: Dilemmas of Collective Action and Governance
4. Water Control Structures and Conflicts in Lake Vembanad:
Governance as Mobilisation
— N.C. Narayanan
Introduction
Political Economy of Rice-centric Development
Post-Independence State-led Development Interventions
Unintended Consequences
Rice-centric Development, Marginalisation, and Conflicts
Competing Claims on Lake Vembanad
Pro-salinity Barrier—The Rice Interest
Points of Rupture in the Conflict
Cultural Political Mobilisation of Fishermen
Process of Negotiation
Discussion
Implications for Governance
5. States Conflicting Over Transboundary Waters:
Analysing the Indo-Bangladesh Case
— Rakesh Tiwary
Challenges of Utilisation and Governance: Mainly Political
The Drivers of Transboundary Water Conflict
Transboundary Water Conflicts: Capturing the Dynamism
The Dynamics of Conflict Shared Waters of India
and Bangladesh: The Riparian Structure
Post Colonial: Political Geography
The Ganges Water Dispute
Phases of Dispute
India’s River Interlinking Programme: Another Cycle?
Conclusion
6. Tribal Development and Governance
— T. Madhava Menon
Introduction
Pre-history
The Nehruvian Panchsheel
Violations of the Five Principles
Local Innovations and their Management
Concluding Observations
7. Preserving Micro-identities in a World of Directed Change:
The Experience of Wayanad District
— A. Damodaran
Introduction
Background
The Tribal Development Approach of the Dhebar Commission
How and Why the Dhebar Commission Complements India’s Forest
and Wildlife Legislations
The Roots of the Crisis in Wayanad Diagnosis
The Dynamic of the Adivasi Gothra Sabha Movement
Preserving Micro-identities in an Environment of Directed Change
Conclusion
8. Where Should We Go from Here? Changing Approaches of the State,
Grazing Resources and the Pastoralists of Saurashtra, Gujarat
— Charul Bharwada and Vinay Mahajan
Introduction
Pastoralism in Saurashtra
Colonial Policies: Framework Governing the Approach
of Princely States
Princely States: Grazing Sources and its Access
Post-Independence State: Changing Priorities
and Shrinking Pastures
Modern Agriculture: From Mutual Dependence to Perpetual Conflicts
Summing Up: The State and the Pastoralists
9. Alloyed Projects, Metalled Resistance:
A Case of Bauxite Mining in Orissa
— Smriti Das and N.C. Narayanan
Introduction
Policy Reforms and Poverty Paradox
Externalities of Development: Mineral
Exploitation in Kashipur
The Conflict in Kashipur
People’s Movement in Kashipur
Stakeholders Within the Network of Governance
Conflicts and Crisis in Governance
Index
| Publisher | AF Press |
| Publication Date | 2008 |
| Number of Pages | 256 |
| ISBN |
9788171886180 |
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